Which concept refers to resources being shared among multiple users and dynamically allocated?

The concept of resource pooling is fundamental to cloud computing and virtualization technologies. It involves the combining of various physical and virtual resources to create a single pool from which resources can be dynamically allocated to multiple users based on their needs. This pooling allows providers to serve multiple customers using the same physical infrastructure while optimizing resource use and improving efficiency.

Resource pooling enhances flexibility and scalability, as users can request additional resources as their demand fluctuates. This model allows for better resource management and cost-effectiveness, as resources are used only when needed, leading to minimized waste. In contrast, rapid elasticity pertains to the ability to quickly scale resources up or down, scalability refers to the capability of a system to handle growth in a workload, and high availability refers to systems designed to be operational and accessible with minimal downtime. However, resource pooling specifically highlights the sharing and dynamic allocation of resources, making it the correct answer.